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Conclusion
Cancer is the name given to a group of related diseases that are caused by a defect or problem on the cellular level. Cells multiply and grow out of control, invading healthy tissue and threatening the life of the patient. Some risk factors for cancer are environmental, such as smoking, dietary factors, and exposure to carcinogens. Genetics also plays a role in a person's susceptibility to cancer. Cancer symptoms include the "caution mnemonic:" Changes in bowel or bladder habits, A sore that does not heal, Unusual bleeding or discharge, Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere, Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing, Obvious change in wart or mole and Nagging cough or hoarseness. Treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery.
Sources
Combination chemotherapy. In: Abeloff, MD. Clinical Oncology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone; 2004: 489-490.
National Institutes of Health. National Cancer Institute. What you need to know about cancer - An overview. Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/overview/page2. Accessed December 8, 2004.
National Institutes of Health. National Cancer Institute. Possible Causes and Prevention of Cancer. Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/overview/page3. Accessed December 8, 2004.
Principles and techniques of radiation therapy. In: Rakel RE. Conn's Current Therapy 2004. 56th ed. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company; 2004: 461-464.
Rates and risk. In: Abeloff, MD. Clinical oncology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone; 2004: 408-414.
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